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TNM and Stage Groupings > Appendix
Appendix
Primary Tumor (T) - Carcinoma
| T Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| TX |
Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
| T0 |
No evidence of primary tumor |
| Tis |
Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial or invasion of lamina propria * |
| T1 |
Tumor invades submucosa |
| T2 |
Tumor invades muscularis propria |
| T3 |
Tumor invades through muscularis propria into subserosa or into mesoappendix |
| T4 |
Tumor penetrates visceral peritoneum, including mucinous peritoneal tumor
within the right lower quadrant and/or directly invades other organs or
structures**,*** |
| T4a |
Tumor penetrates visceral peritoneum, including mucinous peritoneal tumor
within the right lower quadrant |
| T4b |
Tumor directly invades other organs or structures |
* Tis includes cancer cells confined within the glandular basement membrane
(intraepithelial) or lamina propria (intramucosal) with no extension through
muscularis mucosae into submucosa.
** Direct invasion in T4 includes invasion of other segments of the colorectum
by way of the serosa, e.g., invasion of ileum.
*** Tumor that is adherent to other organs or structures, grossly, is classified
cT4b. However, if no tumor is present in the adhesion, microscopically,
the classification should be pT1-3 depending on the anatomical depth of wall
invasion.
Primary Tumor (T) - Carcinoid
| T Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| TX |
Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
| T0 |
No evidence of primary tumor |
| T1 |
Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension |
| T1a |
Tumor 1 cm or less in greatest dimension |
| T1b |
Tumor more than 1 cm but not more than 2 cm |
| T2 |
Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm or with extension to the cecum |
| T3 |
Tumor more than 4 cm or with extension to the ileum |
| T4 |
Tumor directly invades other adjacent organs or structures, e.g., abdominal wall
and skeletal muscle* |
* Tumor that is adherent to other organs or structures, grossly, is classified cT4.
However, if no tumor is present in the adhesion, microscopically,
the classification should be classified pT1-3 depending on the anatomical
depth of wall invasion.
Regional Lymph Nodes (N) - Carcinoma
| N Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| NX |
Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed |
| N0 |
No regional lymph node metastasis |
| N1 |
Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes |
| N2 |
Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes |
Regional Lymph Nodes (N) - Carcinoid
| N Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| N0 |
No regional lymph node metastasis |
| N1 |
Regional lymph node metastasis |
Distant Metastasis (M) - Carcinoma
| M Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| M1 |
Distant metastasis |
| M1a |
Intraperitoneal metastasis beyond the right lower quadrant, including
pseudomyxoma peritonei |
| M1b |
Non-peritoneal metastasis |
No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group)
Distant Metastasis (M) - Carcinoid
| M Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| M1 |
Distant metastasis |
No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group)
Anatomic Stage/Prognostic Groups - Carcinoma
| Stage |
T |
N |
M |
Grade |
| 0 |
Tis |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| I |
T1 |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| I |
T2 |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| IIA |
T3 |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| IIB |
T4a |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| IIC |
T4b |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| IIIA |
T1 |
N1 |
M0 |
|
| IIIA |
T2 |
N1 |
M0 |
|
| IIIB |
T3 |
N1 |
M0 |
|
| IIIB |
T4 |
N1 |
M0 |
|
| IIIC |
Any T |
N2 |
M0 |
|
| IVA |
Any T |
N0 |
M1a |
G1 |
| IVB |
Any T |
N0 |
M1a |
G2, 3 |
| IVB |
Any T |
N1 |
M1a |
Any G |
| IVB |
Any T |
N2 |
M1a |
Any G |
| IVC |
Any T |
Any N |
M1b |
Any G |
Anatomic Stage/Prognostic Groups - Carcinoid
| Stage |
T |
N |
M |
|
| I |
T1 |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| II |
T2, T3 |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| III |
T4 |
N0 |
M0 |
|
| III |
Any T |
N1 |
M0 |
|
| IV |
Any T |
Any N |
M1 |
|
