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TNM and Stage Groupings > Lip and Oral Cavity
Lip and Oral Cavity
Primary Tumor (T)
| T Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| TX |
Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
| T0 |
No evidence of primary tumor |
| Tis |
Carcinoma in situ |
| T1 |
Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension |
| T2 |
Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension |
| T3 |
Tumor more than 4 cm in greatest dimension |
| T4a |
Moderately advanced local disease
(lip) Tumor invades through cortical bone, inferior alveolar nerve, floor of
mouth, or skin of face, i.e., chin or nose
(oral cavity) Tumor invades adjacent structures only (e.g., through cortical
bone, [mandible or maxilla] into deep [extrinsic] muscle of tongue
[genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, and styloglossus], maxillary
sinus, skin of face) |
| T4b |
T4b Very advanced local disease.
Tumor invades masticator space, pterygoid plates, or skull base and/or
encases internal carotid artery |
Note: Superficial erosion alone of bone/tooth socket by gingival primary is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4.
Regional Lymph Nodes (N)
| N Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| NX |
Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed |
| N0 |
No regional lymph node metastasis |
| N1 |
Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension |
| N2 |
Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than
6 cm in greatest dimension; or in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more
than 6 cm in greatest dimension; or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes,
none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension |
| N2a |
Metastasis in single ipsilateral lymph node more than 3 cm but not more than 6
cm in greatest dimension |
| N2b |
Metastasis in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest
dimension |
| N2c |
Metastasis in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in
greatest dimension |
| N3 |
Metastasis in a lymph node more than 6 cm in greatest dimension |
Distant Metastasis (M)
| M Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| M1 |
Distant metastasis |
No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group)
Anatomic Stage/Prognostic Groups
| Stage |
T |
N |
M |
| 0 |
Tis |
N0 |
M0 |
| I |
T1 |
N0 |
M0 |
| II |
T2 |
N0 |
M0 |
| III |
T3 |
N0 |
M0 |
| III |
T1 |
N1 |
M0 |
| III |
T2 |
N1 |
M0 |
| III |
T3 |
N1 |
M0 |
| IVA |
T4a |
N0 |
M0 |
| IVA |
T4a |
N1 |
M0 |
| IVA |
T1 |
N2 |
M0 |
| IVA |
T2 |
N2 |
M0 |
| IVA |
T3 |
N2 |
M0 |
| IVA |
T4a |
N2 |
M0 |
| IVB |
Any T |
N3 |
M0 |
| IVB |
T4b |
Any N |
M0 |
| IVC |
Any T |
Any N |
M1 |
