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TNM and Stage Groupings > Urinary Bladder
Urinary Bladder
Primary Tumor (T)
| T Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| TX |
Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
| T0 |
No evidence of primary tumor |
| Ta |
Non-invasive papillary carcinoma |
| Tis |
Carcinoma in situ: “flat tumor” |
| T1 |
Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue |
| T2 |
Tumor invades muscularis propria |
| pT2a |
Tumor invades superficial muscularis propria (inner half) |
| pT2b |
Tumor invades deep muscularis propria (outer half) |
| T3 |
Tumor invades perivesical tissue |
| pT3a |
microscopically |
| pT3b |
macroscopically (extravesical mass) |
| T4 |
Tumor invades any of the following: prostatic stroma, seminal vesicles, uterus,
vagina, pelvic wall, abdominal wall |
| T4a |
Tumor invades prostatic stroma, uterus, vagina |
| T4b |
Tumor invades pelvic wall, abdominal wall |
Regional Lymph Nodes (N)
| N Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| NX |
Lymph nodes cannot be assessed |
| N0 |
No lymph node metastasis |
| N1 |
Single regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis (hypogastric, obturator,
external iliac or presacral lymph node) |
| N2 |
Multiple regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis (hypogastric,
obturator, external iliac or presacral lymph node metastasis) |
| N3 |
Lymph node metastasis to the common iliac lymph nodes |
Regional lymph nodes include both primary and secondary drainage regions. All other
nodes above the aortic bifurcation are considered distant lymph nodes.
Distant Metastasis (M)
| M Category |
Stage Category Definitions |
| M1 |
Distant metastasis |
No distant metastasis (no pathologic M0; use clinical M to complete stage group)
Anatomic Stage/Prognostic Groups
| Stage |
T |
N |
M |
| 0a |
Ta |
N0 |
M0 |
| 0is |
Tis |
N0 |
M0 |
| I |
T1 |
N0 |
M0 |
| II |
T2a |
N0 |
M0 |
| II |
T2b |
N0 |
M0 |
| III |
T3a |
N0 |
M0 |
| III |
T3b |
N0 |
M0 |
| III |
T4a |
N0 |
M0 |
| IV |
T4b |
N0 |
M0 |
| IV |
Any T |
N1-3 |
M0 |
| IV |
Any T |
Any N |
M1 |
